🧬Applications

Drug Discovery

ML for drug and molecule design

100 papers680 total citations
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Feb '24 β€” Jan '26236 papers
Also includes: drug discovery, molecule generation, molecular design, protein structure

Top Papers

#1

Learning Smooth and Expressive Interatomic Potentials for Physical Property Prediction

Xiang Fu, Brandon Wood, Luis Barroso-Luque et al.

ICML 2025
87
citations
#2

Towards 3D Molecule-Text Interpretation in Language Models

Sihang Li, Zhiyuan Liu, Yanchen Luo et al.

ICLR 2024
73
citations
#3

BioDiscoveryAgent: An AI Agent for Designing Genetic Perturbation Experiments

Yusuf Roohani, Andrew Lee, Qian Huang et al.

ICLR 2025
49
citations
#4

MOOSE-Chem: Large Language Models for Rediscovering Unseen Chemistry Scientific Hypotheses

Zonglin Yang, Wanhao Liu, Ben Gao et al.

ICLR 2025
45
citations
#5

Efficient Evolutionary Search Over Chemical Space with Large Language Models

Haorui Wang, Marta Skreta, Cher-Tian Ser et al.

ICLR 2025
34
citations
#6

PepTune: De Novo Generation of Therapeutic Peptides with Multi-Objective-Guided Discrete Diffusion

Sophia Tang, Yinuo Zhang, Pranam Chatterjee, PhD

ICML 2025arXiv:2412.17780
32
citations
#7

Learning to design protein-protein interactions with enhanced generalization

Anton Bushuiev, Roman Bushuiev, Petr Kouba et al.

ICLR 2024
25
citations
#8

A Multi-Modal Contrastive Diffusion Model for Therapeutic Peptide Generation

Yongkang Wang, Xuan Liu, Feng Huang et al.

AAAI 2024arXiv:2312.15665
therapeutic peptide generationmulti-modal fusioncontrastive learningdiffusion models+3
22
citations
#9

ClinicalLab: Aligning Agents for Multi-Departmental Clinical Diagnostics in the Real World

Weixiang Yan, Haitian Liu, Tengxiao Wu et al.

NeurIPS 2025
22
citations
#10

MOFDiff: Coarse-grained Diffusion for Metal-Organic Framework Design

Xiang Fu, Tian Xie, Andrew Rosen et al.

ICLR 2024
21
citations
#11

Towards Fast, Specialized Machine Learning Force Fields: Distilling Foundation Models via Energy Hessians

Ishan Amin, Sanjeev Raja, Aditi Krishnapriyan

ICLR 2025
21
citations
#12

Multimodal Large Language Models for Inverse Molecular Design with Retrosynthetic Planning

Gang Liu, Michael Sun, Wojciech Matusik et al.

ICLR 2025arXiv:2410.04223
multimodal large language modelsinverse molecular designretrosynthetic planninginterleaved text generation+4
19
citations
#13

Generating Novel Leads for Drug Discovery Using LLMs with Logical Feedback

Shreyas Bhat Brahmavar, Ashwin Srinivasan, Tirtharaj Dash et al.

AAAI 2024
18
citations
#14

SynFlowNet: Design of Diverse and Novel Molecules with Synthesis Constraints

Miruna Cretu, Charles Harris, Ilia Igashov et al.

ICLR 2025arXiv:2405.01155
generative modelscomputer-aided drug designsynthetic accessibilitychemical reaction space+4
18
citations
#15

CBGBench: Fill in the Blank of Protein-Molecule Complex Binding Graph

Haitao Lin, Guojiang Zhao, Odin Zhang et al.

ICLR 2025
16
citations
#16

Generative Flows on Synthetic Pathway for Drug Design

Seonghwan Seo, Minsu Kim, Tony Shen et al.

ICLR 2025
14
citations
#17

IgGM: A Generative Model for Functional Antibody and Nanobody Design

Rubo Wang, Fandi Wu, Xingyu Gao et al.

ICLR 2025
11
citations
#18

Fragment and Geometry Aware Tokenization of Molecules for Structure-Based Drug Design Using Language Models

Cong Fu, Xiner Li, Blake Olson et al.

ICLR 2025
10
citations
#19

MolParser: End-to-end Visual Recognition of Molecule Structures in the Wild

Xi Fang, Jiankun Wang, Xiaochen Cai et al.

ICCV 2025
10
citations
#20

Learning Over Molecular Conformer Ensembles: Datasets and Benchmarks

Yanqiao Zhu, Jeehyun Hwang, Keir Adams et al.

ICLR 2024
10
citations
#21

Mol-LLaMA: Towards General Understanding of Molecules in Large Molecular Language Model

Dongki Kim, Wonbin Lee, Sung Ju Hwang

NeurIPS 2025
9
citations
#22

Beam Enumeration: Probabilistic Explainability For Sample Efficient Self-conditioned Molecular Design

Jeff Guo, Philippe Schwaller

ICLR 2024
8
citations
#23

Knowledge Enhanced Representation Learning for Drug Discovery

Thanh Lam Hoang, Marco Luca Sbodio, Marcos Martinez et al.

AAAI 2024
8
citations
#24

ShEPhERD: Diffusing shape, electrostatics, and pharmacophores for bioisosteric drug design

Keir Adams, Kento Abeywardane, Jenna Fromer et al.

ICLR 2025
7
citations
#25

FlashMD: long-stride, universal prediction of molecular dynamics

Filippo Bigi, Sanggyu Chong, Agustinus Kristiadi et al.

NeurIPS 2025arXiv:2505.19350
molecular dynamics simulationhamiltonian dynamicsthermodynamic ensembleslong-stride prediction+3
7
citations
#26

MOL-Mamba: Enhancing Molecular Representation with Structural & Electronic Insights

Jingjing Hu, Dan Guo, Zhan Si et al.

AAAI 2025
6
citations
#27

LLM-Augmented Chemical Synthesis and Design Decision Programs

Haorui Wang, Jeff Guo, Lingkai Kong et al.

ICML 2025
6
citations
#28

OSDA Agent: Leveraging Large Language Models for De Novo Design of Organic Structure Directing Agents

Zhaolin Hu, Yixiao Zhou, Zhongan Wang et al.

ICLR 2025
6
citations
#29

Bi-level Contrastive Learning for Knowledge-Enhanced Molecule Representations

Pengcheng Jiang, Cao Xiao, Tianfan Fu et al.

AAAI 2025
6
citations
#30

Hierarchical Graph Tokenization for Molecule-Language Alignment

Yongqiang Chen, QUANMING YAO, Juzheng Zhang et al.

ICML 2025
6
citations
#31

EBMDock: Neural Probabilistic Protein-Protein Docking via a Differentiable Energy Model

Huaijin Wu, Wei Liu, Yatao Bian et al.

ICLR 2024
5
citations
#32

GDiffRetro: Retrosynthesis Prediction with Dual Graph Enhanced Molecular Representation and Diffusion Generation

Shengyin Sun, Wenhao Yu, Yuxiang Ren et al.

AAAI 2025
5
citations
#33

CFP-Gen: Combinatorial Functional Protein Generation via Diffusion Language Models

Junbo Yin, Chao Zha, Wenjia He et al.

ICML 2025
4
citations
#34

Foundation Molecular Grammar: Multi-Modal Foundation Models Induce Interpretable Molecular Graph Languages

Michael Sun, Weize Yuan, Gang Liu et al.

ICML 2025
4
citations
#35

ChemAgent: Self-updating Memories in Large Language Models Improves Chemical Reasoning

Xiangru Tang, Tianyu Hu, Muyang Ye et al.

ICLR 2025
4
citations
#36

MarkushGrapher: Joint Visual and Textual Recognition of Markush Structures

Lucas Morin, Valery Weber, Ahmed Nassar et al.

CVPR 2025arXiv:2503.16096
markush structure recognitionmulti-modal document analysisoptical chemical structure recognitionvision-text-layout encoding+4
4
citations
#37

JAMUN: Bridging Smoothed Molecular Dynamics and Score-Based Learning for Conformational Ensemble Generation

Ameya Daigavane, Bodhi Vani, Darcy Davidson et al.

NeurIPS 2025
4
citations
#38

Relation-Aware Equivariant Graph Networks for Epitope-Unknown Antibody Design and Specificity Optimization

Lirong Wu, Haitao Lin, Yufei Huang et al.

AAAI 2025
3
citations
#39

MAGNet: Motif-Agnostic Generation of Molecules from Scaffolds

Leon Hetzel, Johanna Sommer, Bastian Rieck et al.

ICLR 2025
molecule generationscaffold-based generationmotif-agnostic learningdrug discovery+2
2
citations
#40

REBIND: Enhancing Ground-state Molecular Conformation Prediction via Force-Based Graph Rewiring

Taewon Kim, Hyunjin Seo, Sungsoo Ahn et al.

ICLR 2025
molecular conformation predictiongraph neural networksinter-atomic forceslennard-jones potential+4
2
citations
#41

Towards Human-Understandable Multi-Dimensional Concept Discovery

Arne GrobrΓΌgge, Niklas KΓΌhl, Gerhard Satzger et al.

CVPR 2025arXiv:2503.18629
concept-based explainable aimulti-dimensional concept discoverysegment anything modelcnn latent space+4
2
citations
#42

DMol: A Highly Efficient and Chemical Motif-Preserving Molecule Generation Platform

Peizhi Niu, Yu-Hsiang Wang, Vishal Rana et al.

NeurIPS 2025
1
citations
#43

ModuLM: Enabling Modular and Multimodal Molecular Relational Learning with Large Language Models

Zhuo Chen, YIZHEN ZHENG, Huan Yee Koh et al.

NeurIPS 2025
1
citations
#44

Atomic Diffusion Models for Small Molecule Structure Elucidation from NMR Spectra

Ziyu Xiong, Yichi Zhang, Foyez Alauddin et al.

NeurIPS 2025
1
citations
#45

Template-Guided 3D Molecular Pose Generation via Flow Matching and Differentiable Optimization

NoΓ©mie Bergues, Arthur CarrΓ©, Paul Join-Lambert et al.

NeurIPS 2025arXiv:2506.06305
molecular pose generationflow matchingdifferentiable optimizationligand conformation prediction+4
1
citations
#46

RETRO SYNFLOW: Discrete Flow-Matching for Accurate and Diverse Single-Step Retrosynthesis

Robin Yadav, Qi Yan, Guy Wolf et al.

NeurIPS 2025arXiv:2506.04439
retrosynthesis planningdiscrete flow-matchingmarkov bridgereaction center identification+4
1
citations
#47

Multi-modal Contrastive Learning with Negative Sampling Calibration for Phenotypic Drug Discovery

Jiahua Rao, Hanjing Lin, Leyu Chen et al.

CVPR 2025
1
citations
#48

UniSim: A Unified Simulator for Time-Coarsened Dynamics of Biomolecules

Ziyang Yu, Wenbing Huang, Yang Liu

ICML 2025
1
citations
#49

InversionGNN: A Dual Path Network for Multi-Property Molecular Optimization

Yifan Niu, Ziqi Gao, Tingyang Xu et al.

ICLR 2025
1
citations
#50

Blend the Separated: Mixture of Synergistic Experts for Data-Scarcity Drug-Target Interaction Prediction

Xinlong Zhai, Chunchen Wang, Ruijia Wang et al.

AAAI 2025
1
citations
#51

Fast and Accurate Blind Flexible Docking

Zizhuo Zhang, Lijun Wu, Kaiyuan Gao et al.

ICLR 2025
1
citations
#52

Data Distillation for extrapolative protein design through exact preference optimization

Mostafa Karimi, Sharmi Banerjee, Tommi Jaakkola et al.

ICLR 2025
1
citations
#53

Integrating Protein Dynamics into Structure-Based Drug Design via Full-Atom Stochastic Flows

Xiangxin Zhou, Yi Xiao, Haowei Lin et al.

ICLR 2025
1
citations
#54

DesignX: Human-Competitive Algorithm Designer for Black-Box Optimization

Hongshu Guo, Zeyuan Ma, Yining Ma et al.

NeurIPS 2025
1
citations
#55

Uncertainty-Aware Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning-Guided Diffusion Models for 3D De Novo Molecular Design

Lianghong Chen, Dongkyu Kim, Mike Domaratzki et al.

NeurIPS 2025
1
citations
#56

MACS: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Optimization of Crystal Structures

Elena Zamaraeva, Christopher Collins, George Darling et al.

NeurIPS 2025arXiv:2506.04195
multi-agent reinforcement learningcrystal structure optimizationgeometry optimizationcomputational chemistry+3
1
citations
#57

3DMolFormer: A Dual-channel Framework for Structure-based Drug Discovery

Xiuyuan Hu, Guoqing Liu, Can Chen et al.

ICLR 2025
β€”
not collected
#58

Drug Discovery with Dynamic Goal-aware Fragments

Seul Lee, Seanie Lee, Kenji Kawaguchi et al.

ICML 2024
fragment-based drug discoverymolecular generative modelsgoal-aware fragment extractionfragment assembly+4
β€”
not collected
#59

Interaction-based Retrieval-augmented Diffusion Models for Protein-specific 3D Molecule Generation

Zhilin Huang, Ling Yang, Xiangxin Zhou et al.

ICML 2024
protein-ligand bindingdiffusion models3d molecule generationretrieval-augmented generation+3
β€”
not collected
#60

Reframing Structure-Based Drug Design Model Evaluation via Metrics Correlated to Practical Needs

Bowen Gao, Haichuan Tan, Yanwen Huang et al.

ICLR 2025
β€”
not collected
#61

Preference Optimization for Molecule Synthesis with Conditional Residual Energy-based Models

Songtao Liu, Hanjun Dai, Yue Zhao et al.

ICML 2024
molecule synthesisretrosynthesis modelsenergy-based modelsdrug discovery+2
β€”
not collected
#62

MolCRAFT: Structure-Based Drug Design in Continuous Parameter Space

Yanru Qu, Keyue Qiu, Yuxuan Song et al.

ICML 2024
structure-based drug designcontinuous parameter spacebinding affinityautoregressive methods+3
β€”
not collected
#63

BounDr.E: Predicting Drug-likeness via Biomedical Knowledge Alignment and EM-like One-Class Boundary Optimization

Dongmin Bang, Inyoung Sung, Yinhua Piao et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#64

NExT-Mol: 3D Diffusion Meets 1D Language Modeling for 3D Molecule Generation

Zhiyuan Liu, Yanchen Luo, Han Huang et al.

ICLR 2025
β€”
not collected
#65

UniMoMo: Unified Generative Modeling of 3D Molecules for De Novo Binder Design

Xiangzhe Kong, Zishen Zhang, Ziting Zhang et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#66

CombiMOTS: Combinatorial Multi-Objective Tree Search for Dual-Target Molecule Generation

Thibaud Southiratn, Bonil Koo, Yijingxiu Lu et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#67

Latent Retrieval Augmented Generation of Cross-Domain Protein Binders

Zishen Zhang, Xiangzhe Kong, Wenbing Huang et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#68

A Dataset for Distilling Knowledge Priors from Literature for Therapeutic Design

Haydn Jones, Natalie Maus, Josh magnus Ludan et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#69

Empower Structure-Based Molecule Optimization with Gradient Guided Bayesian Flow Networks

Keyue Qiu, Yuxuan Song, Jie Yu et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#70

GenMol: A Drug Discovery Generalist with Discrete Diffusion

Seul Lee, Karsten Kreis, Srimukh Veccham et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#71

Piloting Structure-Based Drug Design via Modality-Specific Optimal Schedule

Keyue Qiu, Yuxuan Song, Zhehuan Fan et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#72

MF-LAL: Drug Compound Generation Using Multi-Fidelity Latent Space Active Learning

Peter Eckmann, Dongxia Wu, Germano Heinzelmann et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#73

NeuralPLexer3: Accurate Biomolecular Complex Structure Prediction with Flow Models

Jarren Zhuoran Qiao, Feizhi Ding, Thomas Dresselhaus et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#74

Offline Model-based Optimization for Real-World Molecular Discovery

Dong-Hee Shin, Young-Han Son, Hyun Jung Lee et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#75

3D Interaction Geometric Pre-training for Molecular Relational Learning

Namkyeong Lee, Yunhak Oh, Heewoong Noh et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#76

AANet: Virtual Screening under Structural Uncertainty via Alignment and Aggregation

Wenyu Zhu, Jianhui Wang, Bowen Gao et al.

NeurIPS 2025arXiv:2506.05768
virtual screeningdrug discoverycontrastive learningcross-attention adapter+4
β€”
not collected
#77

Enhancing Ligand Validity and Affinity in Structure-Based Drug Design with Multi-Reward Optimization

Seungbeom Lee, Munsun Jo, Jungseul Ok et al.

ICML 2025
β€”
not collected
#78

Training-free Multi-objective Diffusion Model for 3D Molecule Generation

XU HAN, Caihua Shan, Yifei Shen et al.

ICLR 2024
β€”
not collected
#79

Self-supervised Blending Structural Context of Visual Molecules for Robust Drug Interaction Prediction

Tengfei Ma, Kun Chen, Yongsheng Zang et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#80

DynaPhArM: Adaptive and Physics-Constrained Modeling for Target-Drug Complexes with Drug-Specific Adaptations

Diya Zhang, Mengwei Sun, Xingdan Wang et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#81

Searching for High-Value Molecules Using Reinforcement Learning and Transformers

Raj Ghugare, Santiago Miret, Adriana Hugessen et al.

ICLR 2024
β€”
not collected
#82

Scalable and Cost-Efficient de Novo Template-Based Molecular Generation

Piotr GaiΕ„ski, Oussama Boussif, Andrei Rekesh et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#83

Navigating the Design Space of Equivariant Diffusion-Based Generative Models for De Novo 3D Molecule Generation

Tuan Le, Julian Cremer, Frank Noe et al.

ICLR 2024
β€”
not collected
#84

Protein-Ligand Interaction Prior for Binding-aware 3D Molecule Diffusion Models

Zhilin Huang, Ling Yang, Xiangxin Zhou et al.

ICLR 2024
β€”
not collected
#85

Reaction Prediction via Interaction Modeling of Symmetric Difference Shingle Sets

Runhan Shi, Letian Chen, Gufeng Yu et al.

NeurIPS 2025arXiv:2511.06356
chemical reaction predictionsymmetric difference encodinginteraction modelingpermutation-invariant representations+4
β€”
not collected
#86

Protein Design with Dynamic Protein Vocabulary

Nuowei Liu, Jiahao Kuang, Yanting Liu et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#87

DecompOpt: Controllable and Decomposed Diffusion Models for Structure-based Molecular Optimization

Xiangxin Zhou, Xiwei Cheng, Yuwei Yang et al.

ICLR 2024
β€”
not collected
#88

CL-MFAP: A Contrastive Learning-Based Multimodal Foundation Model for Molecular Property Prediction and Antibiotic Screening

Gen Zhou, Sugitha Janarthanan, Yutong Lu et al.

ICLR 2025
β€”
not collected
#89

Aligning Transformers with Continuous Feedback via Energy Rank Alignment

Shriram Chennakesavalu, Frank Hu, Sebastian Ibarraran et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#90

Omni-Mol: Multitask Molecular Model for Any-to-any Modalities

Chengxin Hu, Hao Li, Yihe Yuan et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#91

ForceFM: Enhancing Protein-Ligand Predictions through Force-Guided Flow Matching

HUANLEI GUO, Song LIU, Bingyi Jing

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#92

Conversational Drug Editing Using Retrieval and Domain Feedback

Shengchao Liu, Jiongxiao Wang, Yijin Yang et al.

ICLR 2024
β€”
not collected
#93

Unlocking hidden biomolecular conformational landscapes in diffusion models at inference time

Daniel D. Richman, Jessica Karaguesian, Carl-Mikael Suomivuori et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#94

Flexible MOF Generation with Torsion-Aware Flow Matching

Nayoung Kim, Seongsu Kim, Sungsoo Ahn

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#95

Bridging the Gap Between Cross-Domain Theory and Practical Application: A Case Study on Molecular Dissolution

Sihan Wang, Wenjie Du, Qing Zhu et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#96

Reinforced Active Learning for Large-Scale Virtual Screening with Learnable Policy Model

Yicong Chen, Jiahua Rao, Jiancong Xie et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#97

Removing Biases from Molecular Representations via Information Maximization

Chenyu Wang, Sharut Gupta, Caroline Uhler et al.

ICLR 2024
β€”
not collected
#98

KnowMol: Advancing Molecular Large Language Models with Multi-Level Chemical Knowledge

Zaifei Yang, Hong Chang, RuiBing Hou et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#99

Fine-grained List-wise Alignment for Generative Medication Recommendation

Chenxiao Fan, Chongming Gao, Wentao Shi et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected
#100

Joint Design of Protein Surface and Backbone Using a Diffusion Bridge Model

Guanlue Li, Xufeng Zhao, Fang Wu et al.

NeurIPS 2025
β€”
not collected